Mathematics Calculators

Math Calculators

18+ free mathematics calculators. Percentages, fractions, geometry, statistics and more. Evergreen tools that never need updating.

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Why Use Our Math Calculators

Our math tools are built for accuracy and speed. The percentage calculator handles all three common question types: what is X% of Y, X is what percent of Y, and percentage change between two values. The fraction calculator shows full step-by-step working, not just the answer, which makes it genuinely useful for students who need to understand the process.

For students, these tools work best alongside your own work, not instead of it. Use the square root calculator to check your manual calculations, the GPA calculator to track your academic progress, and the percentage calculator for everyday arithmetic that most people reach for a calculator to solve anyway.

All tools run in your browser with no data sent to our servers. Results are instant and accurate to standard mathematical conventions.

Math Questions
Common questions about percentages, fractions, geometry and statistics.
How do I calculate percentage increase between two numbers?
Formula: ((New – Old) / Old) × 100. Example: from 80 to 100 is ((100 – 80) / 80) × 100 = 25% increase. Use the Percentage Change Calculator for instant results with both increase and decrease.
How do I simplify a fraction to its lowest terms?
Divide both numerator and denominator by their GCF. Example: 12/18 — GCF is 6, so 12/6 = 2 and 18/6 = 3, giving 2/3. Use the Fraction Calculator which automatically simplifies all results.
What is the square root of a non-perfect square?
Non-perfect squares have irrational square roots. √2 = 1.41421356, √3 = 1.73205080, √5 = 2.23606797 — these decimals go on forever without repeating. Use the Square Root Calculator for any number, including cube roots and nth roots.
How do I find the area of a circle?
Area = π × radius². For radius 5: Area = 3.14159 × 25 = 78.54 square units. From diameter: Area = π × (diameter / 2)². Use the Area Calculator for circles, squares, rectangles and triangles.
What is the Pythagorean theorem and how do I use it?
In any right triangle: a² + b² = c², where c is the hypotenuse. To find hypotenuse: c = √(a² + b²). Legs of 3 and 4 give hypotenuse = √25 = 5. Use the Pythagorean Theorem Calculator to find any missing side.
How do I convert a Roman numeral to a number?
I=1, V=5, X=10, L=50, C=100, D=500, M=1000. Subtract when a smaller numeral precedes a larger one: XIV = 10 + (5–1) = 14. MCMXCIX = 1000 + 900 + 90 + 9 = 1999. Use the Roman Numeral Converter for instant two-way conversion.
How do I calculate standard deviation?
Steps: find the mean, subtract mean from each value and square it, average those squared differences (= variance), take the square root. Use population SD when you have all data; sample SD (divides by n–1) for a subset. Use the Standard Deviation Calculator for any dataset.
What is GCF and how do I find it?
The GCF is the largest number dividing evenly into two or more numbers. For 24 and 36: factors of 24 are 1,2,3,4,6,8,12,24; factors of 36 are 1,2,3,4,6,9,12,18,36; GCF = 12. Use the GCF Calculator for any set of numbers instantly.
How do I calculate the slope of a line?
Slope = rise / run = (y2 – y1) / (x2 – x1). For points (2, 3) and (6, 11): slope = (11 – 3) / (6 – 2) = 2. Positive slope goes up, negative goes down, zero is horizontal, undefined is vertical. Use the Slope Calculator with any two coordinate points.
How do I calculate probability?
Probability = favorable outcomes / total possible outcomes. Rolling a 3 on a six-sided die: 1/6 = 16.67%. Ranges from 0 (impossible) to 1 (certain). For independent events, multiply individual probabilities. Use the Probability Calculator for single and combined events.
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